Footprinting

• Use search engines
• Google hacking
• Public and private website
• Netcraft and link extractor tools
• Location and Geography - Google Earth, Maps,Webcams, People Search
• Social networking and information gathering
• Use Echosec.net - searches social media and provides location services for postings
• Using Maltego - search social media, extracting information
• Financial service 
• Job sites - job postings
• Working with emails - polite mail, whoreadme
• Competitive analysis -business pages, lexisnexus, CNBC
• Gaining network info - whois, ping, nslookup,tracert
• Find OS type, inc web server, web app types etc
• Social engineering - phising, shoulder surfing, bin diving